不同水分条件对冬小麦农艺性状的影响

Effect of Water Stress on Agronomic Characters of Winter Wheat

[目的]探讨不同土壤水分条件下小麦农艺性状变化规律。[方法]以济麦20为试材,研究了小麦的植株高度、节间长度、各器官干重的变化及其与水分之间的关系。[结果]干旱胁迫下,茎秆高度缩短,为适宜水分条件下茎秆高度的63.4%～73.2%,穗下节间增加9.2%;严重干旱时,穗下节间缩短;倒2和倒3节间长度呈先下降再上升趋势,各器官干物质积累除根重呈上升趋势之外,其余指标茎、叶、穗重量均呈下降趋势。水分由适宜向过多变化的过程中,穗下节间长度、倒2、倒3节间长度均呈先上升后下降趋势,各器官的干重也呈先上升后下降趋势。[结论]为小麦节水高产研究提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The aim was to study the change law of agronomic characters of winter wheat under different conditions of soil water.[Method] With the winter wheat variety Jimai 20 as experimental material,the variation of plant height,panel length and dry weight of organs were studied,and the relationship between agronomic characters and moisture content in soil was studied.[Result] Under the conditions of slight drought stress,the stem height was 63.4%-73.2% of that under appropriate moisture,while the internode length under ear increased by 9.2%.Under severe drought,the length of internode under ear got shorter,while the length of penultimate and the third internode from top decreased firstly and then increased.The dry matter accumulation of stem,leaves and spikelet decreased while that of root increased.The length of the internode under ear,penultimate and the third internodes from top increased firstly and then declined during the soil moisture processing from appropriate to waterlogged,and also the variation of dry matter of organs.[Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for study on the water-saving and high yield of wheat.