非正式组织:特征、作用与管理——基于中国文化情境的视角

Informal Organizations:Features,Functions and Management——from the Perspective of China's Cultural Situation

员工情感和归属方面的需要,使企业中存在着数量众多、类型各异的非正式组织。在中国,由于集体主义、家族本位、人道亲亲文化的影响,企业中非正式组织更显示出一些独有的特征,如血缘人情关系广泛渗透、有自身的特殊利益诉求,以及与正式组织深度交织等。非正式组织性质和特征决定了其对正式组织的作用是复杂的、多向度的,在许多情况下甚至是消极的。能否对非正式组织实施有效的管理,考验着中国企业管理者的领导能力和管理智慧。

Employees＇emotional and belonging needs lead to the existence of a large number of various types of informal organization among enterprises. In China, with the influence of collectivism, family-cen- teredness, and humane nepotism, enterprises also show some unique characteristics of the informal organiza- tion, such as the infiltration of descent relationship, the special concerns of oneself, and interweaving deeply with formal organization. The nature and characteristics of informal organization determines its impact on for- mal organization would be complex and multi-dimensional, --in many cases, even negative. Whether the in- formal organization can be effectively managed or not, tests the leadership capability and management wisdom of the Chinese enterprise management.