华北地区某工业场地土壤重金属分布特征

Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in a Industrial Site of North China

以华北地区某工业场地为研究对象,采用数理统计和地质统计学方法,对该场地土壤中重金属元素的空间分布特征及元素之间的相互关系进行研究。结果显示:各重金属元素在研究区已有一定程度的积累,其中Hg的平均含量高于国家《土壤环境质量标准》三级标准值和当地土壤背景值,污染最严重,是该场地土壤重金属污染的主要因子;各重金属元素污染程度整体上为Hg>Zn>Cd>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cr>As,其中As平均含量与当地土壤背景值接近。重金属元素Hg、Cd、Mn、Fe和Co具有中等程度的空间相关性,表明这些元素具有相同或相似的污染源。场地内1、4、8、9厂区的土壤重金属污染最严重,污染物种类与其特殊的工艺流程有一定关系,这为以后的污染防治工作提供了重要依据。

The analytical methods of mathematical statistics and geostatistics are used to explore the spatial distribution features and the correlation between different soil heavy metal elements in a industrial site of North China in this paper.The results indicate that these heavy metal elements are of certain degree of accumulation in the study area,and the average concentration of Hg is higher than the level three standard value of national Environmental Guality Standard for Soil and local soil background value.It suggests that the pollution of Hg is the most serious,and it is considered as a dominant element causing soil heavy metal pollution in the site.In general,according to pollution degree,the heavy metal elements are orderly Hg,Zn,Cd,Mn,Pb,Cu,Cr and As,of which the average concentration of As is closing to the local soil background value.In addition,Hg,Cd,Mn,Fe and Co have the moderate degree of spatial correlation,it provides the basis on pollutants and pollution source identification.The soil heavy metal pollutions of the 1,4,8 and 9 plants are the most serious,and the types of contaminants have a certain relationship with their special operating processes,which provides an important basis for the work of prevention and controlling in the future.