丝状细菌污泥膨胀的FISH探针研究进展

Progress on FISH Probes of Sludge Bulking Caused by Filamentous Bacteria

在活性污泥法处理污水的工艺中,丝状细菌的过度繁殖常引起大量的泡沫并引发污泥膨胀.该现象的发生导致二沉池的污泥不能有效地沉淀,并大量流出,影响了污水处理厂的正常操作.本文综述了引起污泥膨胀发生的7大类潜在丝状细菌及其相关生理生态学特性;列举了国内外现有的潜在丝状细菌的FISH探针及其相关的杂交条件.目前,在活性污泥丝状细菌的分类鉴定、胞外酶、细胞表面特性和相关生态生理学特性方面,荧光原位杂交(Fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术均起到重要的作用,而国内相关的研究很少.设计特异性的FISH探针,并以此进行定量荧光原位杂交,将是国内污泥膨胀问题未来研究的重点方向之一.

Excessive growth of filamentous bacteria can cause a mass of bubbles and sludge bulking in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs）, and result in that sludge can’t be deposited drastically in the secondary clarifier and the biomass float out of the clarifier, which may impact negatively on performance and operation of WWTPs. The reported seven types of filamentous bacteria causing sludge bulking and their relative ecological physiology characteristics were summarized, and the probes detecting existing potential filamentous bacteria and their related hybridization conditions were listed in this paper. At present, fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） has been widely used in identification, extracellular enzymes, cell surface characteristics, and ecological physiology of filamentous bacteria in active sludge. However, few studies focus on it in China. The design of specific probe, and the quantitative FISH based on the probe is proposed as an important research direction in the future. Tab 7, Ref 57