载人航天飞行中的情绪研究进展

Progress of Study on Emotion in Manned Spaceflight

载人航天环境中的微重力、振动、辐射、限制和隔离等各种应激源会使航天员出现焦虑、抑郁等各种负性情绪,进而影响到航天员的操作效率和飞行计划执行,甚至航天飞行的安全;情绪应激长期作用还会对航天员的身心健康造成损害。情绪研究是航天心理学的重要研究方向,国内外学者对航天飞行以及类似环境中航天员的情绪变化进行了大量研究。本文总结了情绪的基本理论,情绪测评的方法以及载人航天领域情绪研究的现状,并对载人航天情绪研究的未来进行了展望。

Under the influence of stressors such as microgravity, vibration, radiation, confinement and isola- tion in manned spaceflight environment, negative emotions like anxiety and depression will occur in astro- nauts. These negative emotions would affect astronaut＇ s working efficiency, implementations of flight sched- ules, even flight safety. Long term influence of emotional stress may lead to physiological and psychological health problems. Emotion study is a very important division of space psychology and scholars across the world have conducted large amount of researches in emotion changes of astronauts during spaceflight or in similar en- vironments. In this article, the authors reviewed the basic theory of emotion, methods of emotion assessment, and emotion study status and its prospect in manned spaceflight.