县域金融垄断程度调查——基于西北100个县的实证分析

A Survey on the Level of Financial Monopoly in Counties——Based on An Empirical Analysis of 100 Counties in Northwestern China

银行业市场结构对于一个国家金融体系有效发挥金融资源分配功效起着重要作用。本文在系统总结有关金融市场结构理论研究进展基础上,选取我国西北地区具有代表性的100个县的工农中建四大国有银行以及农村信用社(含农合行、农商行)作为研究对象,采用结构法和非结构法进行分析研究,指出:西北县域银行业市场基本处于垄断竞争偏垄断状态,且垄断程度高于全国平均水平;应该在加强监管、风险可控的前提下,稳步放开县域地区金融机构的市场准入,提高县域金融的竞争程度。

Market structure of banking industry plays an important role in efficiently exerting the function of allotting financial re- sources for a country＇s financial system. On the basis of systematically summarizing the theories development on financial market structure, choosing state-owned banks （ie. ICBC, ABC, BC, CBC） and rural credit cooperatives （including rural cooperative bank and rural commercial bank） as study object which are located in 100 typical counties in northwestern area in China, by means of structure and non-institution analysis approaches, the paper points out that county-level banking market in northwestern China is in the state of monopoly-competition with lager portion of monopoly, and the monopoly degree is higher than the average degree of the whole coun- try. With the preconditions of strengthening supervision and controlling risks, market assess of county-level financial institutions can be opened steadily to increase the competition degree of county-level finance.