星载多波束天线通道误差特性分析及校准

Calibration and performance analysis on channel mismatch of multi-beam antenna on satellites

针对星载多波束天线幅相误差对天线性能影响较大的问题,通过对多波束发射天线的射频通道在不同温度下的幅相特性进行试验测定,得到了通道幅相特性与温度的对应关系,发现不同通道的幅相特性与通道温度的关系曲线在给定温度区间内基本呈线性关系,且斜率基本一致,从而确定了对不同通道的幅相特性进行固定值补偿的校准策略.通过固定值补偿后,各通道的幅相特性曲线基本重合,从而消除了通道间幅相误差.进一步给出了提升温度一致性的措施,并设计了多波束发射天线的校准原理框图和校准流程图.结果表明:新的星载多波束天线幅相误差校准方法是有效的.

To solve the mismatch effect of amplitude-and-phase errors on multi-beam antenna perfor- mance, the radio frequency channel amplitude and phase errors of multi-beam transmitting antenna on sa-tellite were experimentally measured to obtain the corresponding relations of channel amplitude-and-phase mismatch and temperature, and to compensate the mismatch. The shell temperatures are almost same after temperature stabilization, which effectively results in channel consistency. Some methods were used to improve temperature consistency. Calibration of channel is the key to guarantee the performance inde-xes of multi-beam antenna on satellites. The calibration principle block diagram and flow chart of multi-beam transmitting antenna were designed. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed calibration method is effective for calibration of multi-beam antenna on satellites.