康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑和社会支持及其影响因素研究

Employment Anxiety,Social Support for Rehabilitation Medicine Graduates and the Influencing Factors

目的探讨康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑现状及其影响因素,为预防和干预康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑提供理论依据。方法采用焦虑自评量表、社会支持评定量表以及高校毕业生就业焦虑原因问卷,对239名康复医学专业毕业生进行问卷调查。结果康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑情绪的检出率为17.57%,其中轻度焦虑为14.64%,中度焦虑为2.09%,重度焦虑为0.84%;不同性别的康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑得分女生略高于男生,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同生源所在地的康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑差异性显著,农村生源康复医学专业毕业生就业焦虑水平显著高于城镇生源毕业生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);康复医学专业毕业生就业竞争压力、缺乏就业支持、自信心不足与社会支持之间存在负相关(P<0.05)。结论应有针对性地对康复医学专业毕业生开展就业前心理卫生健康和就业指导教育等工作。

Objective To investigate the present situation of employment anxiety of rehabilitation medicine graduates and the influencing factors so as to provide a theoretical basis for preventing and intervening the employment anxiety.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 239 rehabilitation medicine graduates by using Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）,Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）,and self-made questionnaire on causes of employment anxiety.Results The total ratio of employment anxiety in rehabilitation medicine graduates was 17.57%,with 14.64% of mild anxiety,2.09% of moderate anxiety,and 0.84% of severe anxiety.The ratio of employment anxiety was higher in females that in male,but with no significant difference（P〉0.05）.However,the level of employment anxiety of the rehabilitation medicine graduates was significantly higher in rural areas than in urban areas（P〈0.05）.The competition stress and self-confidence of the graduates were obviously influenced by social support（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The pre-employment education on mental health and employment guidance should be purposely conducted for rehabilitation medicine graduates.