基于能量代谢与体脂率关系的不同肥胖评价方法的探讨

Discussion on Different Methods of Obesity Evaluation Based on Relationship between Energy Metabolism and Body Fat Percentage

目的以剩余能量为参照依据,探讨不同体脂率方法评价肥胖的合理性。方法采用前期经过信效度检验的营养及体力活动调查问卷并结合实验测试,对西安市650名中老年女性进行问卷调查和形态指标测试,比较不同方法计算的体脂率与剩余能量的关系。结果电阻抗法(BIA)、张薇公式(ZW)、铃木公式D1(LM1)、铃木公式D2(LM2)、铃木公式D3(LM3)计算出的体脂率均与能量摄入及剩余能量呈正相关(r值在0.29～0.81);能量过剩组5种方法计算的体脂率均值均显著高于能量不足组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。5种方法检测的体脂率与剩余能量的关系曲线图大致趋势一致,随体内剩余能量的蓄积增多,体脂率也不断增加,尤其LM2法体脂率与剩余能量指标的一致程度最好。结论不同方法计算的体脂率均随剩余能量在体内堆积增加而不断增大;LM2法体脂率与剩余能量指标的一致程度最好。从健康和医学角度评价肥胖,LM2法更具合理性。

Objective To investigate the reasonability of different methods of obesity evaluation by body fat percentage on the basis of energy metabolism indexes.Methods 650 middle and old-aged women in Xi′an were tested on morphological parameters and were surveyed by questionnaires on nutrition and physical activities.The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were already tested.The correlation between body fat percentages calculated by different methods and surplus energy was compared.Results Body fat percentages calculated by BIA,ZW,LM1,LM2 and LM3 were positively correlated with energy intake and surplus energy（0.29r0.81）.The body fat percentages calculated by the five methods of energy surplus group were all significantly higher than those of energy deficiency group（P〈0.01）.The graph trend of body fat percentages calculated by the five methods was consistent with that of the surplus energy.With the increase of surplus energy,the body fat percentages also increased.The body fat percentage calculated by LM2 had the best graph consistency with surplus energy.Conclusion The body fat percentages calculated by different methods will increase with the accumulation of surplus energy.The body fat percentage calculated by LM2 has the best graph consistency with surplus energy.LM2 method is more reasonable for obesity evaluation from health and medical perspective.