环渤海地区1961—2010年太阳总辐射时空变化特征

Spatial-Temporal Variations of Solar Global Radiation in the Circum-Bohai Sea Region During 1961-2010

根据1961—2010年环渤海地区4个辐射站太阳总辐射资料和56个台站日照百分率资料,研究了该地区太阳总辐射的时空分布及变化特征。同时利用1991—2010年太阳总辐射数据初步分析了环渤海地区太阳能资源潜力。结果表明:年内太阳辐射呈单峰型,5月最高,4—8月是太阳能资源最丰富的时期;1961—2010年太阳总辐射在1990年之前呈显著下降,之后没有明显变化趋势;太阳总辐射趋势变化在环渤海地区有明显的空间差异,下降幅度最大的集中于京津塘周边地区以及山东中南部地区;四季总辐射均呈显著下降趋势,其中春、夏两季降幅略高,秋、冬两季降幅略低;1991—2010年环渤海地区太阳总辐射呈西北部高,向东、南方向递减的分布特征。

Using the observation data of solar global radiation at 4 stations and sunshine percentages at 56 stations during 1961-2010 in the circum-Bohai Sea region, the spatial-temporal distribution and variations of solar global radiation in the recent 50 years were studied. In addition, evaluation of potential solar energy resource in the region was made by calculating the solar global radiation in the recent 20 years. The results showed that monthly solar global radiation showed a single peak pattern with the peak in May, and April to August being the period of abundant solar energy resource in a year. Solar global radiation generally shows a decreasing trend from 1961 to 2010. However, there was a clear turning point around 1990, with significant decrease before 1990 and no evident trend after 1990. For the whole circum-Bohai Sea region, there were large spatial differences in the interannual variation of solar global radiation. The largest decrease of solar global radiation from 1961 to 2010 occurred in Beijing, Tianjin, Tanggu and their surrounding areas as well as in the central and southern areas of Shandong Province, which may be related to the changes in aerosols as a result of industrial development. Interannual variations of solar global radiation in four seasons showed a similar significant decreasing trend, with higher decreasing rates in spring and summer compared with autumn and winter. Average solar global radiation during 1991-2010 was high in the northwest part of the region, decreasing gradually southwards and eastwards.