基于层次分析法的苏贝淖流域植被生态脆弱性评价

Evaluation on Ecological Vulnerability of the Vegetation in Subei Lake Watershed Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

[目的]研究应用层次分析法评价苏贝淖流域植被生态脆弱性。[方法]从苏贝淖流域植被生态实际情况出发,利用已构建的苏贝淖流域植被生态评价指标体系,基于层次分析法(AHP)确定各层次指标的权重,并利用综合指数法计算各评价单元的植被生态脆弱度,评价苏贝淖流域植被生态脆弱性。[结果]苏贝淖流域植被脆弱性划分为极度脆弱、高度脆弱、中等脆弱、低度脆弱4个等级;极度脆弱区分布于苏贝淖附近的湖盆滩地地带,地下水位埋深普遍小于1.0 m,该区植被与地下水关系密切;低脆弱区分布于苏贝淖四周的梁地地带,地下水位埋深10.0～40.0 m,植被生长与地下水埋深关系不明显;地下水位对植被生态的影响最为敏感,是研究区地下水资源开发利用与生态环境保护之间的关键因子。[结论]该研究为区域生态环境保护、水资源合理开发利用、经济社会协调发展提供科学依据。

[Objeetive] The research aimed to evaluate ecological vulnerability of the vegetation in Subei Lake watershed based on analytic hi- erarchy process （AHP）. [ Method] Started from actual situation of the vegetation ecology in Subei Lake watershed, using constructed evalua- tion index system of the vegetation ecology in Subei Lake watershed, based on AHP, weight of the indicator at each layer was determined. Comprehensive index method was used to count ecological vulnerability of the vegetation in each evaluation unit. [ Result] Ecological vulnera- bility of the vegetation was divided into four ranks, such as extremely fragile, highly fragile, medium fragile and low fragile in Subei Lake wa- tershed. Extremely fragile area distributed in beach near Subei Lake. Burial depth of the groundwater level was generally less than 1.0 m. Relationship between vegetation and groundwater was close in the zone. Low fragile area scattered in ridge zone around Subei Lake watershed. Burial depth of the groundwater level was 10.0 -40.0 m. Relationship between vegetation growth and groundwater depth was not obvious. Groundwater depth had the most sensitive influence on vegetation ecology, and was the key factor between utilization of the groundwater re- sources and eco-environment protection in study area. [ Conclusion ] The research provided scientific basis for regional eco-environment protec- tion, reasonable development and utilization of the water resources, coordinated development of the economy and society.