中国三大海域沉积物中重金属的分布特征及其生态危害

Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Polluted Coastal Regions in China and Its Ecological Danger

[目的]研究渤海湾、长江口和珠江口沉积物中重金属的分布规律及其生态危害。[方法]选取了渤海湾、长江口和珠江口3个受人类经济活动影响较大的海域,综述了其海底沉积物中不同重金属的污染情况,比较总结重金属的分布规律与经济活动类型之间的关系。[结果]总体来说,受经济高速发展的影响,我国近海海域的重金属污染情况不容乐观。在渤海湾、长江口和珠江口3个海域的沉积物中均不同程度的出现了Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu和Pb污染,其中,在渤海湾和珠江口其As污染也不容忽视。沉积物严重的重金属污染会导致有害重金属随着食物链的传递最终进入人体内,影响人类身体健康。[结论]该研究为制定限制重金属排放的政策和保护人类身体健康提供参考。

[ Objective] The aim was to study the distribution and its ecological danger of heavy metal in the sediments of the polluted coastal regions in Bohai Bay, Changjiang and Zhujiang estuary. [ Method] The economic activities had great influence on the Bohai Bay, Changjiang and Zhujiang estuary. The pollution of different heavy metals in the deep ocean was summarized by summary of the relation between the distri- bution of heavy metals and economic activities. [ Conclusion] In general, influenced by economic development, the heavy metal pollution in coastal area in China was pessimistic. The sediments in the Bohai Bay, Changjiang and Zhujiang estuary showed different degrees of Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb pollution. As pollution in Bohai Bay and Zhujiang estuary can not be neglected. The heavy metal pollution may pass into hu- man body with the transportation of food chain. [ Conclusion ] The study provided reference for the formulation of policies to restrain heavy metal emission and protection of human health.