利用荧光多重PCR技术分析8个兔品种遗传多样性

Genetic Diversity of Eight Rabbit Breeds Based on Fluorescent Multiplex PCR Technique

[目的]揭示8个兔品种的遗传多样性。[方法]采用荧光-多重PCR技术,筛选出多态性较好的18对微卫星引物,对苏系长毛兔、皖系长毛兔、美系獭兔、新西兰白兔、福建黄兔、闽西南黑兔、九疑山兔和比利时兔进行遗传多样性检测。[结果]8个兔品种在18个微卫星座位上的基因频率存在一定的差异;8个兔品种的平均多态信息含量为0.418 5～0.548 9。福建黄兔的平均多态信息含量最高,为0.548 9;苏系长毛兔的平均多态信息含量最低,为0.418 5。平均遗传杂合度也出现了类似的结果,说明福建黄兔的遗传多样性最丰富。根据各品种之间的遗传距离,将8个兔品种分为3大类:苏系长毛兔、皖系长毛兔、美系獭兔、九疑山兔和闽西南黑兔聚为第1类群,新西兰白兔和福建黄兔聚为第2类群,比利时兔为第3类群。[结论]该研究可为家兔种质资源的有效保护和合理利用提供理论依据。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to reveal the genetic diversity of 8 rabbit breeds. [ Method ] Using fluorescent multiplex PCR tech- nique, 18 microsatellite markers were screened out to detect the genetic diversity of Suxi Angora rabbit, Wanxi Angora rabbit, American Rex rabbit, New Zealand white rabbit, Fujian yellow rabbit, Minxinan black rabbit, Jiuyi Mountain rabbit and Belgian rabbit. [Result] The gene frequencies of 8 rabbit breeds on 18 mierosatellite loci had certain differences. The average polymorphism information content （PIC） of 8 rab- bit breeds was 0. 418 5 -0. 548 9. The average polymorphism information content （P1C） of Fujian yellow rabbit was highest, being 0. 548 9. The average polymorphism information content （PIC） of Suxi Angora rabbit was lowest,being 0.418 5. The average heterozygosity （H） also showed similar results,which indicated that the genetic diversity of Fujian yellow rabbit was the richest. According to the genetic distance a- mong 8 rabbit breeds,8 rabbit breeds were divided into three groups. Suxi Angora rabbit, Wanxi Angora rabbit, American Rex rabbit, Jiuyi Mountain rabbit and Minxinan black rabbit were clustered into the first group. New Zealand white rabbit and Fujian yellow rabbit formed the second group and the Belgian rabbit was the third group. [ Conclusion] The research could provide theoretical basis for the effective protection and reasonable utilization of rabbbit germplasm resources.