戒烟治疗的必要性与技巧

Urgency and Skills of Smoking Cessation in Treating Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD)

烟草依赖是一种慢性高复发性的精神和行为疾病,临床医生必须在充分认识到烟草依赖是一种慢性疾病,有其自身的疾病规律和特点的基础上,以对待疾病治疗的方法对烟草依赖进行规范的治疗。吸烟是COPD最常见和最主要的致病因素,目前公认戒烟是COPD防治最重要和最有效的方法。烟草依赖的治疗包括尼古丁替代疗法类药物(尼古丁贴剂、尼古丁咀嚼剂、尼古丁舌下含片、尼古丁吸入剂、尼古丁鼻喷雾剂等)、尼古丁疫苗、盐酸安非他酮、酒石酸伐尼克兰等药物治疗,以及心理及行为辅导。规范戒烟治疗,有助于提高COPD药物治疗有效性,减少COPD发病率。

Smoking cessation treatment should be based on full awareness that tobacco dependence is a high relapse of psychiatric and hehaviour disorder. As a chronic disease, the management of smoking quitting should be regarded as other chronic diseases in scientific manners and based on its c.haracteristic pattern. Smoking is the most common and overriding causative agents, and it is accepted that smoking quitting is the most effective and important management of preventing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. The therapy of tobacco dependence includes nicotine replacement therapy （nicotine patches, nicotine masticatory, under-the-tongue tablets of nicotine, nicotine inhalant, and nicotine aerosol spray etc. ）, Nicotine Vaccines, Bupropion Hydrochloride, Varenicline Tartrate and other non-drug managements, such as some psychiatric and behaviour training. Standard treatment is helpful to raise curative efficiency of drug and reduce incidence of the COPD.