北京市顺义区2006－2010年5岁以下儿童死亡状况分析

The death condition analysis of child under 5-years-old from year 2006 to 2010 in Shunyi district of Beijing

目的通过2006～2010年儿童生命监测,准确获取顺义区5岁以下儿童死亡率及5年间主要死因顺位情况,以明确卫生保健的工作方向与重点,为卫生行政部门决策提供科学依据。方法对2006～2010年顺义区5岁以下儿童死亡资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2006～2010年本区婴儿死亡率及5岁以下儿童死亡率分别在1.87‰～4.90‰、2.81‰～5.59‰之间徘徊,5年间主要死因为先天性心脏病、早产或低出生体重、其他先天异常、出生窒息、肺炎和意外死亡。结论降低婴儿、新生儿尤其是早期新生儿死亡率是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键;大力实施出生缺陷三级预防措施,有效降低出生缺陷率,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的当务之急;继续提高产科质量,以减少早产或低出生体重、出生窒息及吸入性肺炎的发生,从而降低其死亡率。

Objective To accurately acquire the mortality of child under 5-years-old in Shunyi district and the major death current situation of child during 5 years, through the children＇s life monitoring in 2006-2010, in order to identify working direction and epmphasis of health-care, and to provide a scientific evidence for the public health administrative department decisions. Methods The death data of children under 5-years-old during the period of 2006-2010 in Shunyi district were restropectively analyzed. Results The mortality of infant and mortality of children under 5-years-old were between 1.8‰-4.90‰ and 2.81‰-5.59‰ respectively during the period of 2006-2010 in Shunyi district. The main causes of death in 5 years included congenital cardiopathy, premature delivery, low birth weight, other congenital anomaly, birth asphyxia, pneumonia and accidental death. Conclusion The key to reduce the mortality of children under 5-years-old is to reduce the mortality of infant, newborn babies, especially early newborns neonat. The urgent affairs to reduce the mortality of children under 5-years-old is to enforcing three-classes prevention measurement for birth defect and effectively reduce the rate of birth defects. It should be continue to improve obstetrics quality to reduce the occur of premature delivery, low birth weight, birth asphyxia and pneumonia, in order to reduce the mortality.