艾森豪威尔政府对中日贸易的政策探析

Analysis of the Eisenhower Government’s Policy to Sino-Japanese Trade

1953年初艾森豪威尔上台后,在中日贸易问题上继续沿用前届美国政府的严格限制政策。朝鲜战争结束后,为了帮助日本迅速摆脱经济困境以顺利实施美国亚洲冷战战略,艾森豪威尔政府从1954年下半年开始对中日贸易采取一种模糊性态度,没有坚决执行严格的贸易管制政策。然而,在1957年春季,随着国际局势的变动,美国重新强化对华贸易禁运政策。这严重阻碍了中日贸易关系的发展,更使亟待振兴经济的日本付出较大代价。

After Eisenhower took office in the early of 1953, Sino-Japanese trade issue was continued to follow the former U. S. government＇ s strictly constricted policy. After the Korean War, in order to help Japan to quickly get rid of the economic difficulties to smoothly implement the U.S. Cold War strategy in Asia, the Eisenhower Gov- ernment began to take a vague attitude to Sino-Japanese trade and didn＇ t strongly enforce strict trade control poli- cy from the second half of 1954. However, in the spring of 1957, with the change of the international situations, the U.S. re-strengthened the trade embargo policy to China. This seriously impeded the development of Sino-Jap- anese trade relations and made Japanese economy which needed urgent revitalization pay a large price.