中国农村水贫困测度及空间格局机理

Measure of water poverty conditions and its spatial pattern mechanism in China's rural areas

通过构建我国农村水贫困测度评价指标体系,并运用水贫困指数模型(WPI)及主客观综合赋权法,对我国2004～2009年31个省级行政单位农村地区水贫困状况进行测算,结果基本显示了近年来我国农村地区水贫困程度的分布格局。其中高水贫困地区为宁夏、海南、天津、甘肃、山西、吉林、重庆、新疆、贵州、内蒙古;中水贫困地区为陕西、青海、上海、辽宁、福建、黑龙江、安徽、北京、江西、湖北、河北;低水贫困地区为广西、云南、河南、浙江、湖南、山东、江苏、广东、四川、西藏。同时对我国农村水贫困空间格局机理进行研究,并就此提出治理农村水贫困问题的相关对策建议,力图为我国最终实现"三农"问题的协调发展提供决策依据及政策性启示。

The assessment indicator system for water poverty conditions measure in rural areas of China was constructed firstly. Each index of the system was given a weight by the subjective and objective comprehensive weighting method. Then the water poverty index model （WPI model） was applied to measure the rural water poverty conditions of 31 pro- vincial administrative units in China from 2004 to 2009, and the results can basically reflect the spatial distribution pattern of rural water poverty in recent years. The provinces with high rural water poverty are Ningxia, Hainan, Tianjin, Gansu, Shanxi, Jilin, Chongqing, Xinjiang, Guizhou, and Inner Mongolia; the provinces with moderate rural water poverty are Shaanxi, Qinghai, Shanghai, Liaoning, Fujian, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Beijing, Jian- gxi, Hubei, and Hebei; the provinces with low rural water poverty are Guangxi, Yunnan, Henan, Zhejiang, Hunan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Sichuan and Tibet. Finally, this paper studied the forming mechanism of spatial distribution pattern of rural water pov- erty , and some relevant countermeasures and suggestions were put forward for solving the water poverty problems in rural areas of China, which is helpful for providing strategic ba- sis for decision making and policy enlightenment for achieving the coordinated growth of issues related to agriculture, farmers and rural areas.