以色列公共外交失败的原因与教训

Causes and Lessons of the Failure of Israel's Public Diplomacy

进入新世纪以来,以色列的国家形象在世界范围内陷入低谷,甚至在欧、美国家亦是如此。以色列公共外交的失败是其国家形象不佳的原因之一,主要表现在公关外交、媒体外交和文化外交3种公共外交形式上。以色列公共外交失败的原因主要包括:认识不足、体制不畅、资金缺乏和措施失当等。近两三年来,以色列政府已开始重视加强公共外交,学者们也在政府机制、媒体政策两个层面上提出了相关对策建议。但需特别指出的是,以色列国家形象下降的根本原因,不能完全归咎于公共外交的失败,其在巴勒斯坦问题上的顽固立场和政策错误是核心因素。事实上,公共外交对国家形象起到了加速(或减速)器的作用。

Since the new millennium, Israel＇ s national image has decreased to its lowest point in the international community, even in the western world. One of the causes is the failure of its Public Diplomacy. Israel performed very badly in its three forms of Public Diplomacy： Public Relations, Media Diplomacy and Culture Diplomacy. The main causes of its failure of Public Diplomacy included its miscon- ception of Public Diplomacy, the outdated bureaucracy, the lack of resources and the wrong measures taken by the government. In recent years, Israeli government has increased its attentions on the Public Diplomacy while some scholars have presented a lot of policy advices on the bureaucracy adjustment and Media Diplomacy. However, we must point out that Israel＇ s bad national image cannot be attributed entirely to the failure of its Public Diplomacy, the more essential cause is its stubborn attitude and policy to the Palestinians. Its Public Diplomacy actually functions as an accelerator or a retarder to the tide of its national image.