残疾人与正常群体心理生活质量的比较研究

The Differences of Quality of Mental Life among The Disabled and Normal Groups

目的了解残疾人心理生活质量的现状及各维度间的关系。方法随机选取宁波市某社区居民135名,分别用人脸量表、生活满意度量表、自尊量表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和信赖他人量表进行调查。结果①残疾人在抑郁、焦虑、敌对和人际敏感4个因子上得分均显著高于正常人(t=3.148,3.807,3.088,4.155;P<0.01),而在生活满意度因子上,残疾人得分显著低于正常人(t=-3.943,P<0.01);②主观幸福感与生活满意度(P<0.01)、信赖他人(P<0.05)呈正相关,而与焦虑、敌对和人际敏感呈负相关(P<0.01);生活满意度与自我价值感呈正相关(P<0.05),与抑郁(P<0.01)、焦虑(P<0.01)、敌对(P<0.05)和人际敏感(P<0.05)呈负相关;自我价值感与抑郁(P<0.05)、人际敏感(P<0.01)呈负相关,与信赖他人呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论与正常人群体相比,残疾人心理生活质量整体较差;残疾人的幸福感、自我价值感、情绪状况及人际关系各维度之间相互影响。

Objective To find out the current situation about the quality of mental life of the disabled and the relationship between each dimension which is relative to it.Methods Sampled at random from a community in Ningbo to extract 150 subjects,this study uses Face Scale,Satisfaction with Life Scale,Self-Esteem Scale,Symptom Checklist 90,Faith in People Scale to cope style scale through questionnaire method.Results ①The scores that the disabled obtained on the factors about depression,anxiety,hostility and interpersonal sensitivity were higher than those of the non-disabled（t=3.148,3.807,3.088,4.155;P〈0.01）,while on the factor of life satisfaction,the scores that the disabled got was lower than that of the non-disabled（t=-3.943,P〈0.01）.②The factor of subjective well-being showed significantly positive correlation with both life satisfaction（P〈0.01）and faith（P〈0.05） in people,while negative correlation with anxiety,hostility and interpersonal sensitivity（P〈0.01）;The factor of life satisfaction showed significantly positive correlation with self-worth（P〈0.05）,while negative correlation with depression（P〈0.01）,anxiety（P〈0.01）,hostility（P〈0.05）and interpersonal sensitivity（P〈0.05）;The factor of self-worth showed significantly negative correlation with depression（P〈0.05）and interpersonal sensitivity（P〈0.01）,while positive correlation with faith in people（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Compared with the non-disabled,the qualities of mental life of the disabled is poor overall.Each of the dimensions such as well-being,self-worth,emotional states and interpersonal relationship are interactive.