189株鲍氏不动杆菌感染的分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of 189 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii

目的监测鲍氏不动杆菌分布及的耐药性。方法对2009年1月-2010年12月分离出的189株鲍氏不动杆菌,采用K-B扩散法检测其耐药性。结果临床分离菌株的主要来源于痰,占56.08%,其次为尿液、血液、伤口脓液及无菌体液,分别占23.28%、11.11%、5.29%及4.23%;临床分离菌株的主要来自呼吸内科,占53.44%,其次为ICU、神经内科、神经外科,分别占22.22%、14.29%、10.05%;鲍氏不动杆菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率分别为32.28%、33.33%、19.58%、16.40%,对其他抗菌药物的耐药率均>40.00%。结论鲍氏不动杆菌耐药性较高,主要对β-内酰胺类抗菌药物广泛耐药,应及早进行细菌药敏试验,临床应加强控制,防止多药耐药菌的传播。

OBJECTIVE To monitor the distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii. METHODS By means of K-B diffusion method, the drug resistance of the 189 strains of A. baurnannii isolated from Jan 2009 to Dec 2010 was detected. RESULTS The clinical isolates were mainly cultured from the sputum （56.08%）, followed by the urine （23.28%）, blood （11. 11%）, wound pus （5.29%）, and aseptic body fluid （4.23%）; the clinical isolates mainly distributed in department of respiratory medicine, followed by ICU （22. 22%）, department of neurology （14.29%）, and department of neurosurgery （10.05%）; the drug resistance rates of A. baumannii to meropenem, imipenem, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam were 32. 28%, 33. 33%, 19. 58%, and 16.40%, respectively, the drug resistance rate to other antibiotics was more than 40.00%. CONCLUSION The drug resistance of A. baumannii is relatively high, A. baumannii is widely resistant to β-1actam antibiotics, therefore it is necessary to perform the drug susceptibility testing in the early stage and strengthen the infection control so as to prevent the spread of the multidrug-resistant bacteria.