摘要
以一个受迫谐振子为对象证明了Jarzynski等式,即两平衡态的自由能差可以用它们之间非平衡功的指数平均来表示,这里两个态的转换是在有限时间完成的.当外部驱动力是一个周期信号时,发现外界对系统所做的广义功存在一个共振现象.
The relation between nonequilibrium work and free-energy difference, i. e. , the Jarzynski equality is proved by using a forced harmonic oscillator, in wich the free-energy difference between two equilibrium states can be calculated by the exponential averaging of generalized work. This process is performed during a finite time. Moreover, we find a dynamical resonance of average work or dissipative energy can become maximum if the external driving force is regarded as a periodic signal.
出处
《大学物理》
北大核心
2012年第8期1-3,10,共4页
College Physics
基金
北京师范大学理论物理教学团队和"热力学与统计物理"精品课程建设项目资助
关键词
广义功
自由能差
受迫谐振子
共振
generalized work
free-energy difference
forced oscillator
resonance
