海相砂页岩型铜矿成矿模式与地质对比——以中国云南东川铜矿和阿富汗安纳克铜矿为例

Marine sand shale-hosted copper mineralization model and geological correlation:A case study of the Dongchuan copper mine in Yunnan and the Aynak copper mine in Afghanistan

从海相砂页岩型铜矿时空分布、经济特征、成矿地质背景与沉积环境入手,对中国云南东川-易门铜矿带和阿富汗安纳克铜矿床(带)等进行典型矿床分析与地质特征对比,从成矿物质来源、成矿机制(流体的性质、作用和动力学,金属元素迁移、富集、沉淀和就位机制)等方面对海相砂页岩型铜矿床成因进行探讨,系统分析各种"沉积-成岩-改造"成矿模式、成矿作用与过程,对阿富汗安纳克、云南东川落雪式铜矿床等沉积岩容矿的层状铜矿床成因模型进行总结;在此基础上,进一步深入阐述了海相砂页岩型铜矿成矿与超级古大陆事件的耦合性及衍生成矿作用。通过分析,对中国东川-易门铜矿带,以及与阿富汗安纳克铜矿床毗邻的新疆西昆仑成矿省的海相砂页岩型铜矿找矿前景进行评价和预测。

According to the temporal and spatial distribution and the economic characteristics of the marine sand shale-hosted copper deposits and the geological background and sedimentary environment analysis of their mineralization,the authors made typical deposit analysis and geological characteristics correlation of the Dongchuan-Yimen copper mineralization belt in Yunnan Province of China and the Aynak copper orefield（belt）in Afghanistan.The origin of the marine sand shale-hosted copper deposit was analyzed and discussed in the aspects of metallogenic matter source and the ore-forming mechanisms such as the property,role and kinetics of the fluids and the migration,accumulation,sedimentation and emplacement mechanism of metal elements as well as other elements.Then all kinds of ＂Deposition-Diagenesis-Reformation＂ mineralization patterns and ore-forming processes related to marine sand shale-hosted copper deposits were analyzed systematically so as to discuss,summarize and review the genetic pattern of the Aynak copper deposit in Afghanistan and that of the Dongchuan snowfall-like sediment-hosted copper deposit.Based on those results,the authors further elaborated in depth the consistency of marine sand shale-hosted copper mineralization and the super ancient continental events as well as the derivative mineralization.Through systematical correlation,the prospecting potential of the Dongchuan-Yimen copper mineralization belt and the marine sand shale-hosted copper deposits in West Kunlun mineralization province of Xinjiang adjacent to the Aynak copper orefield in Afghanistan was evaluated and estimated.