缺血性脑血管病患者颅内与颅外颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素的对比分析

Contrastive Analysis of Risk Factors for Intracranial and Extracranial Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Patients with Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

目的对比分析缺血性脑血管病患者颅内和颅外颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素，以更有针对性地进行干预治疗。方法对124例缺血性脑血管病患者进行TCD、MRI和彩色多普勒超声检查，依据结果分出颅内动脉粥样硬化组和颅外颈动脉动脉粥样硬化组，对比分析两组动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。结果（1）颅内动脉粥样硬化组高血压病患病率65．8％高于颅外颈动脉粥样硬化组33．3％。（2）颅外颈动脉粥样硬化组血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）浓度[17．51（21．13～12．68） μmol／L]和年龄（73．57±11．83岁）均高于颅内动脉粥样硬化组[13．29（17．43～10．18） μmol／L、68．76±7．23岁]，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论缺血性脑血管病患者中，高血压病容易导致颅内动脉粥样硬化的形成；Hcy浓度增高和年龄增长更易导致颅外颈动脉粥样硬化的形成。

Objective To identify and analyze the risk factors for intracranial and extracranial carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in order for the treatment to be more targeted. Methods A sample of one hundred and twenty-four subjects with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases was selected and examined using TCD,MRI and Color Doppler ultrasound.Based on the test results,the subjects were then divided into two groups：intracranial atherosclerosis group and extracranial carotid atherosclerosis group.The risk factors for intracranial atherosclerosis and extracranial carotid atherosclerosis were investigated in the two groups.Results （1）The prevalence of the hypertension（65.8%） in intracranial atherosclerosis group was more than that（33.3%） in extracranial carotid atherosclerosis group.（2）The concentration of plasma Hcy [ 17.51 （12.68 ～ 21.13） μmol/L] and age（73.57 ± 11.83years） in extracranial carotid atherosclerosis group were more than that[13.29（10.18 ～ 17.43） μ mol/L,68.76 ± 7.23years] in intracranial atherosclerosis group,all the data being statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions Among people with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases,hypertension can more easily lead to intracranial atherosclerosis;The intensified concentration of plasma Hcy and aging can more easily induce extracranial carotid artery atherosclerosis.