不同蒸散量下小叶女贞的叶片特性

Leaf Characteristics of Ligustrum Quihoui Carr.under Different Evapotranspiration Condition

为了定量研究绿化灌木蒸散量与叶片性状参数的关系,探索评价绿化灌木耗水效率的准则和指标,为绿化灌木节水灌溉制度的制定提供参考。以北方常见绿化灌林-小叶女贞(Ligustrum quihoui Carr)为试材,进行了盆栽试验。结果表明:随着蒸散量的增加,小叶女贞总叶面积、单叶面积、叶长和叶宽均呈先增加后减小的趋势,苗木刚移植第一年(2010年)的变化明显比移植后第二年的变化剧烈。2010年,土壤含水率保持在65%～100%(FC)时4项指标值最大;2011年在55%～100%(FC)时总叶面积最大,65%～75%(FC)时单叶面积、叶长和叶宽最大。2010年比叶面积和水分利用效率(WUE)随蒸散量的增加呈先增加后减小趋势,2011年均呈减小的趋势。叶片失水速率随蒸散量增大而减小,在24h后变化趋于平缓。

In order to quantitatively study the relation between the evapotranspiration of the greening shrubs and the traits parameters of the leaves, the standards and indicators for evaluating the efficiency of water consumption of the greening shrubs were explored to provide a reference for formulating the water-saving irrigation scheme of the greening shrubs. The Ligustrum quihoui Cart, which is a kind of common greening shrubbery in the north, are used as the test material to conduct the pot-planted experiments. The results showed that with the increase of the evapotranspiration, the total leaf area, the single leaf area, the leaf length and the leaf width all increased firstly and then decreased, and the change in the first year after the nursery stock implanting （2010） was obviously more significant than that in the second year after the implanting. In 2010, the values of the four indicators were maximum when the soil water content was kept between 65 %-100% （FC）. While in 2011, the value of the total leaf area was maximum when the soil water content was kept between 55 %-100%（FC）, and the values of the single leaf area, the leaf length and the leaf width were maximum when the soil water content was kept between 65-75%（FC）. In 2010, with the increase of the evapotranspiration, the specific leaf area and the water use efficiency （WUE） increased firstly and then decreased. While in 2011, both of them decreased. The de- hydrating rate of the leaves decreased with the increase of the evapotranspiration and the change tended to be slow after 24 h.