产超广谱β-内酰胺酶肺炎克雷伯菌感染调查及耐药性分析

A Survey of Infection and Antibiotic Resistance of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumonia

目的:探讨我院产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)肺炎克雷伯菌阳性率及耐药性的变化,以指导临床合理应用抗生素。方法:对我院自2009年1月至2011年8月住院患儿送检的各类标本中分离得到的肺炎克雷伯菌413株进行ESBLs筛选和确证。结果:共分离得到413株肺炎克雷伯菌,其中产ESBLs的菌株共204株,占49.39%,且有逐年上升趋势。ESBLs阳性菌株对头孢他啶、头孢噻吩、头孢噻肟、阿莫西林耐药程度最为严重,耐药率为100%;对美洛培南、亚胺培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星、环丙沙星高度敏感,敏感率为90.2%～100%。结论:产ESBLs的肺炎克雷伯菌已成为主要耐药菌,应加强耐药监测,重点监管并指导临床合理应用抗生素。

Objective： To investigate the effect of the knowledge of nutrition and health education intervention on improving postpartum beliefs and practices.Methods： The study design was a randomized controlled trial conducted in a rural area of shandong,the late pregnancy women were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.Both of them accepted the basic knowledge of pregnant women health.The objects of intervention group had accepted the special education of nutritional and health knowledge.Results： The awareness rate of most nutritional health knowledge of the intervention group was significantly higher than those in the control group.Women in the intervention group had more milk,fish,vegetables and less fruit than than those in control group.Besides,women in the intervention group had fewer eggs（194.51 g/d） than those in control group 298.2 g/d（P〈0.05）.The proportion of the intervention group subjects in breastfeeding and ventilated everyday（74.4 %,59.5 %） were significantly higher than those in the control group（67.8 %,54.3 %）.Conclusion： Targeted nutritional health education can improve the knowledge level of puerperal women and promote healthy dietary behavior.Therefore,targeted nutritional health and knowledge education should be promoted.