冗余轴解决五轴加工奇异问题的研究

Avoiding 5-axis Singularities Using Redundant Axis

为解决五轴加工在奇异点附近加工误差较大且易对工件和机床造成冲击的问题,对带有冗余ABC三转轴机床解决CA双摆头型五轴奇异问题进行了研究。建立了机床模型,依此得出了此冗余轴机床的运动关系,并根据加工刀位点特点对刀路进行初步研究。仿真结果表明,与其他解决奇异问题方法相比,该冗余轴机床可以有效克服五轴机床奇异问题,基本消除奇异区域的较大加工误差,并且各轴旋转角度得到了优化,从而使加工效率大大提高。

To solve the problems that five-axis machining has larger machining tolerance and can cause impact on the workpiece and machine tool around singular points, this paper studied on the machine tool with redundant ABC three-axis in order to solve singularity problem of two swiveling heads with 5 rotational axes C and A. Then the machine model was constructed, and according to this, the movement relationship of the redundant machine tool was derived, and then the tool path was generated based on the cutter location points. The simulation results show that, compared with other solutions to the singular problem, this redundant axis machine tools can overcome the singularities of fiveaxis machine tools efficiently and eliminate the larger processing error in the singular region completely, and each rotation angel of the axes has been optimized, so the processing efficiency is greatly improved.