清代科举考试中的“异地借考”问题——兼论当今高考“借考”政策

Examinees and their choice of regions for examinations in Qing dynasty

在清代,原籍应试是科举制的一项基本原则。通常情况下,考生必须在原籍所在地以本身所属户籍类别参加科举考试。在一般意义上的原籍应试原则之外,清代童试一级考试中又包括被学政"调考"、因未建考棚以及因受战乱、灾荒等影响而临时借考异地等几种"异地借考"的情形。当今高考借考政策的出台意在解决流动人口随迁子女就地高考问题,从相关规定来看其实际可操作性比较有限,仍需进一步调整与完善。

In the Qing dynasty,examinees are normally to take the imperial examinations in their native regions,except for emergencies of failure to build examination houses or disasters and wars.The current policies regarding examinees in selecting their college-entrance-examinations are practically countermeasures,but the writer questions the operations are argues for improvements.