3种类型浙江红山茶的花粉形态学研究

Pollen morphology for three types of Camellia chekiangoleosa

依据花瓣颜色筛选出3种类型的浙江红山茶Camellia chekiangoleosa(白花型,浅红花型和深红花型),通过形态观察和测量对其形态特征进行描述。在此基础上,对浙江红山茶不同类型间的花粉形态进行比较研究,可以为其演化及品种分类提供孢粉学依据。通过扫描电镜观察分析,得出其花粉粒为长球形或超长球形,赤道面观为长椭圆形或卵圆形,极面观为三裂正三角形或近圆形,花粉大小为(43.6～60.2)μm×(18.8～41.3)μm,极轴与赤道轴之比在1.7以上,属于大类型花粉。萌发沟为3孔沟类型,表面纹饰为皱沟状或皱沟-颗粒状。结果表明:花粉的大小、外壁纹饰在类型间存在一定程度的差异,可作为浙江红山茶类型间分类的依据之一。

Based on petal colors, three types of Camellia chekiangoleosa （the white type, the light red type and the dark red type） were selected, and their morphological characteristics were described by observations and measurements. Comparative research on pollen morphology could provide the palynology basis of evolution and the cultivar classification of C. chekiangoleosa. Then pollen morphology of three types of C. chekiangoleosa were studied using a scanning electron microscope. Results showed that pollen grains were prolate or perprolate in shape, oblong or oval in equatorial view, and equilateral triangular or suborbicular with three-lobes in po- lar view, （43.6-60.2） μm × （18.8-41.3） μm in size, more than 1.7 in P/E, big type. They had a germination hole with three ditches as the surface ornamentation for the rugular shape or the rugular-granular shape. In ad- dition, the certain differences of the three types of C. chekiangoleosa were found in pollen size and surface or- namentation. These results could be used as a basis for classification. [Ch, 1 fig. 3 tab. 16 ref.]