国家化学事故应急咨询专线接警情况统计分析

Statistical analysis of chemicals accidents received by the National Chemical Emergency Response Hotline

基于国家化学事故应急咨询专线2002年-2011年10年间接到的1100起化学品事故咨询电话,从事故发生时间、事故发生地域、事故类型、事故发生环节、事故引发物质等进行统计分析,结果表明,自2007年起应急电话的使用频率呈现逐年递增的趋势,5月-8月是化学品事故高发季节,危险化学品企业分布越多的地域发生事故的机率越大,人身伤害事故占的比例最高,使用环节的事故咨询电话起数最多;农药是引发事故最多的物质。从加强化学品安全知识普及教育、建立完善的立法和执法机制、继续大力推行危险化学品登记制度、进一步加强应急电话宣传等方面提出了预防和减少化学品事故的对策建议。

Based on the 1100 chemical accidents received by the National Chemical Emergency Response Hotline from 2002 to 2011, a statistical analysis was performed in terms of time, district, types, tache, trigger substances of the occurrence. The study results showed that the frequency of using the emergency hotline is increasing year by year since 2007, May to August are most likely to be involved in accidents, and more accidents happened in the ar- ea where more hazardous chemicals enterprises located, the human injury accidents have the highest proportion, and most of the accidents happened in the use stage and pesticide is the main type of hazardous substances contrib- uting to the chemicals accidents. Countermeasures and suggestions on prevention and reducing of hazardous chemi- cals accidents were put forward from the following aspects： strengthening the chemicals salty universal education, establishing complete legislative and enforcement mechanisms, continuing to vigorously promote the registration of hazardous chemicals, and further enhancing the publicity on Emergency Response Hotline.