建筑火灾坍塌危险性的评估

Risk assessment for collapse in building fire accident

从建筑火灾坍塌事故的特点及危害入手,分析了火灾中影响建筑坍塌时间的因素,阐述了建筑火灾坍塌前兆,得出建筑火灾坍塌危险性评估结论:在无爆炸发生情况下,无先天质量问题的钢筋混凝土建筑,一般在火灾持续5、6个小时内不会发生整体坍塌;我国北方建筑比南方的建筑普遍抗烧塌性相对较强;按防震设计的震区建筑,其火灾抗塌性明显增强;灭火冷却及时的建筑不易坍塌。

Starting with the characteristic and damage of collapse in building fire accident, the influence factors that affect the collapse time were analyzed and the signs of collapse were elaborated in details. Through considering synthetically with the whole process of the building collapse analysis, a preliminary conclusion was described in de- tails ： generally, in condition of that there is no explosion or any innate quality defect, the building in fire will not collapse in five or six hours. Secondly, most buildings in northern part of china will get a better performance on re- sisting collapse in fire than the southern part. Thirdly, the performance of resisting collapse will be distinctly en- hanced if the buildings are designed according to the earthquake-resistant standards：：： Finally measures, such as firefighting and cooling, will extend the time before collapse