典型线路板回收过程排放颗粒物的主要成分和特征

The major components and characteristics of particles emitted during recycling of waste printed circuit boards in a typical e-waste workshop of South China

分析了南方一典型废旧线路板回收作坊内的空气颗粒物（PM）样品的主要化学组成和特征.结果表明,作坊内的PM水平比较高,平均浓度为（1430±200.8）μg/m3,其组成与其他排放源完全不同.有机物（OM）占PM的46.7%~51.6%,主要的有机成分是有机磷酸酯类,包括磷酸三苯酯（TPP）和其甲基取代化合物、十六酸甲酯、十八酸甲酯、左旋葡聚糖和双酚A.元素碳（EC）对PM的贡献较小.此外,线路板回收过程还排放了大量重金属,尤其是Cd,Pb和Ni.研究结果表明粗放式的线路板回收工艺给当地环境造成了严重危害.

Air particle samples from a typical workshop of South China engaged in recycling waste printed circuit boards have been collected and analyzed with respect to chemical constituents.The results show that the composition of particulate matter（PM） from recycling process was totally different from other primary sources.The average concentration of PM was（1430±200.8）μg/m3.Organic matter accounted for 46.7%~51.6% of the PM.The major organic constituents were organophosphates consisting mainly of triphenyl phosphate（TPP） and its methyl substituted compounds,methyl esters of hexadecanoic and octadecanoic acids,levoglucosan and bisphenol A.The element carbon had minor contribution to the PM.Recycling of printed circuit boards was demonstrated as an important contributor of heavy metal contamination,particularly Cd,Pb and Ni,to the local environment.These findings suggest that this primitive recycling method represents a strong source of PM associated with pollutants to the ambient atmosphere of an e-waste recycling locale.