基于面向对象理论的区域生态环境综合评价

Comprehensive assessment of regional ecological environment based on object-orientation theory

以龙口市为例,在分析区域生态环境特征的基础上,尝试应用面向对象的理论构建评价系统;结合RS、GIS技术与数学模型方法提取评价因子,建立基于GIS栅格数据的空间模糊评判模型进行综合评价分析.结果表明:2008年龙口市生态环境状况总体良好,优等级占总面积的24.75%,良等占41.78%,中等占5.29%,差等占28.18%,但与1996年相比有下降趋势;生态环境的空间分异明显,表现为从西北沿海到东南内陆逐渐好转;3个典型分区的生态环境状况各异,其变化趋势也有所差别;气候条件、土地利用状况、工业生产建设、人口迁移等因素对研究区生态环境状况及演变起主要作用.根据研究区的实际情况,并对比热岛效应的空间分布,可确定该方法合理有效,是对当前区域生态环境综合评价方法的有益补充.

Comprehensive assessment of regional ecological environment is great important and yet short of unified theory guidance and improved index system.Taking Longkou as an example,object-oriented theory was used to establish assessment system after analyzing ecological environment characteristics in the study area.Remote sensing and GIS techniques as well as mathematical methods were applied to extract assessment indicators.Modelling spatially fuzzy assessment was established based on GIS raster data to integrate these indicators.The results showed that the ecological environment status in Longkou city was generally good in 2008.The proportions of the excellent grade,good grade,the moderate grade,and worst grade were 24.75%,41.78%,5.29%,28.18%,respectively.The spatial differentiation was significant,and the assessment grade improved gradually from northwest coast to southeast inland.Ecological environment status and change trends among 3 typical partitions were different.Weather conditions,land use change,industrial construction,population migration and other factors played the main role in the status and changes.According to real condition and spatial distribution of heat island effect in study area,this method is effective and it is the useful complement to current assessment methods of regional ecological environment.