青少年认知闭合需要的发展特点及其影响因素

Cognitive Closure and Its Influencing Factors in Adolescent Students

目的:探讨青少年的认知闭合需要发展特点及其影响因素。方法:采用认知闭合需要问卷、父母养育方式评价量表和A型行为类型问卷对初中、高中和大学三个年龄段的青少年共810人进行调查。结果:①在认知闭合需要及对结构的需求上,初中组和高中组得分均显著高于大学组,在决断性上大学组得分显著高于初中组、高中组;②父母养育方式中的部分因子对认知闭合需要及决断性和对结构的需求两个因子具有一定的预测作用;③A型人格对青少年的认知闭合需要及其对结构的需求因子具有正向预测作用,而对决断性因子具有负向预测作用。结论:青少年的认知闭合需要随年龄增长由高向低方向发展,父母养育方式和A型人格在一定程度上影响个体的认知闭合需要发展。

Objective： To explore the developmental characteristics of need for cognitive closure and its influencing factors in adolescent students. Methods： 810 adolescent students from junior middle school, senior middle school and university were tested by questionnaires, including Need for Cognitive Closure Seale,Egma Minnen av Bardndosna Uppforstran （EMBU） and Type A Behavior Questionnaire. Results： （1）The scores of junior middle school, senior middle school students were higher in the need for cognitive closure, and need for structure, and were lower in decisiveness than the university students. （2）Some factors of EMBU were significant predicators of need for cognitive closure, decisiveness and need for structure. （3）Type A personality was a significant positive predicator of the need for cognitive closure and need for structure, and was a negative predieator of decisiveness. Conclusion： The adolescents＇ need for cognitive closure vary from high to low when they grow up, and parental rearing patterns and Type A personality have some effect on the development of need for cognitive closure.