环境减灾-1B卫星遥感数据在干旱监测中的应用

Application of HJ-1B Satellite Remote Sensing Data in Drought Monitoring

以2010-2011年发生在山东省的秋、冬、春三季连旱为例,介绍了环境减灾-1B(HJ-1B)卫星遥感数据在干旱监测中的应用。获取了山东省干旱发展顶峰时段的HJ-1B卫星采集的多光谱和热红外遥感影像,利用ENVI 4.7遥感数据处理平台对山东全省的归一化植被指数和地面温度进行了反演,在此基础上计算了山东全省的植被供水指数,并据此将山东省的干旱情况划分为5级,对该干旱监测结果进行了分析。为了验证结论的可靠性,将干旱监测结果与全国降水距平百分率进行了对比,对比结果表明两者一致性较好。文章提供了HJ-1B卫星遥感数据在干旱监测方面的一个实例,其监测结果为相关减灾部门的救灾工作提供了重要的参考,同时也为HJ-1B卫星遥感数据在干旱监测方面的业务化运营提供了一个通用的方法。

The application of HJ-1B satellite remote sensing data in drought monitoring is introduced by using an example of a serious drought lasting from autumn of 2010 to spring of 2011 in Shandong Province. Multi-spectral and infrared images of HJ-1B satellite are downloaded and processed on the platform ENVI 4.7. The normalized difference of vegetation index （NDVI） and land surface temperature （LST） of Shandong province are retrieved, and then the vegetation of water index （VSWI） is calculated on the basis of the NDVI and LST. The drought severity of Shandong province is divided into five levels according to the VSWI value for each pixel. Drought severity of different parts of Shandong province is analyzed. In order to verify this result, it is compared with the national precipitation anomaly percentage in this period, and they are in good accordance. The paper provides an example of the application of HJ-1B satellite remote sensing data in drought monitoring, and the result is a very important reference for the disaster relief work. This drought monitoring method used in the paper is a general scheme and can be used in the business operation of HJ-1B satellite remote sensing data.