灵芝三萜类化合物对AD大鼠学习记忆能力和ACh含量的影响

Influence of Ganoderma lucidum Triterpenoids on Learning Memory Function and ACh Content in Alzheimer Disease Model Rat

目的:探讨灵芝三萜类化合物(ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids,GLT)对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)的防治作用及其机制。方法:将自然衰老模型大鼠60只随机均分为6组,模型组(NS 10 mL.kg-1)、GLT低、中、高剂量组(0.25,0.5,1.0 g.kg-1)、阳性对照组(健脑胶囊0.38 g.kg-1)及溶媒对照组(食用油10 mL.kg-1);5月龄大鼠10只为正常对照组(NS 10 mL.kg-1)。连续ig给药60 d后,Morris水迷宫检测大鼠学习记忆能力;光化学法检测脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)活性。结果:自然衰老模型大鼠逃避潜伏期延长、搜索距离增加,探索时间及探索距离百分比减少,显示学习记忆障碍,脑组织AChE活力升高、ChAT活力降低。自然衰老模型大鼠用GLT ig 60 d后,学习记忆成绩明显提高,AChE活力降低、ChAT活力升高。结论:GLT对AD有防治作用,其作用机制可能和提高脑内乙酰胆碱(ACh)含量有关。

Objective： To observe the protective effects and mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids （GLT） in Alzheimer disease model animal. Method： After Morris water maze, 60 natural aging rats （24 month） qualified and screened were randomly divided into 6 groups （n = 10）, model group （NS 10 mL·kg^-1）, GLTlow dose group （0.25 g·kg^-1）, GLT middle dose group （0.5 g·kg^-1）, GLT＇high dose group （ 1.0 g·kg^-1）, positive group [ Jiannao Jiaonang （JNJN） 0.38 g·kg^-1] and solvent group （oil 10 mL ·kg^-1）, while 10 young rats （5 month） were selected as a control group. Then the intragastric administration was used. After being treated with GLT for 60 days, the learning and memory function were tested by Morris water maze, the activity of total acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）, choline acetyl transferase （CHAT） in brain were examined by chemistry detecting kits. Result： The model animals showed worse ability in learning and memory compared with the control. The activity of AChE increased, while the activity of ChAT decreased in model animals compared with the control. GLT significantly improved the changes mentioned above （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： GLT can improve the learning and memory dysfunction in aging model rats by increasing ACh content in brain.