四个拟穴青蟹养殖池水环境中细菌群落结构的比较研究

Comparative study of aquatic bacterial community from 4 ponds farming mud crabs,Scylla paramamosain

本研究在福建、广东沿海选取了四个拟穴青蟹养殖池(编号为FJ-CB、FJ-SC、GD-C、FJ-C)作为研究水样的采集地点,通过构建上述水样中细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库来探究青蟹养殖水体环境中的菌群结构组成.从四个所构建文库中共获得201条16S rRNA核酸序列,分析结果表明:FJ-CB、FJ-SC、GD-C和FJ-C站位的优势菌群分别为红细菌目(Rhodobacterales,25.00%)、红细菌目(Rhodobacterales,30.88%)、蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria,39.58%)和蓝细菌(Cyanobacteria,62.16%);所构建文库中也检测到一些特有菌群序列,例如浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、异常球菌-栖热菌门(Deinococcus-Thermus)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)等.基于不同养殖水环境中优势菌种、特有菌种的区别,一方面反映了不同养殖场管理方式的不同,另一方面也表明各养殖池水质营养程度的差异.综上所述,本研究揭示了各站位拟穴青蟹养殖水环境中基本菌群的组成特征,对于青蟹等甲壳类海洋动物养殖病害的有效防治具有重要参考价值.

To explore the aquatic bacteria community of mud crab,Scylla paramamosain,from farming ponds,we constructed 4 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from 4 mariculture ponds in the coastal provinces of Fujian and Guangdong.A total of 201 16S rRNA gene sequences from 4 clone libraries were identified.The dominant divisions of FJ-CB,FJ-SC,GD-C and FJ-C ponds were Rhodobacterales（25.00%）,Rhodobacterales（30.88%）,Cyanobacteria（39.58%） and Cyanobacteria（62.16%）,respectively.Meanwhile,some sequences that were affiliated with uncommon phyla were observed in certain farming ponds,such as Planctomycetes,Verrucomicrobia,Deinococcus-Thermus and Chloroflexi.This kind of bacteria was probably involved in mariculture diseases.Therefore,it is worth to focus on the sequences,which were similar to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of pathogens or conditional pathogens like Rickettsiales.Besides,different dominant bacterium and specific bacterium not only showed dissimilar farming models of 4 ponds,but also indicated the distinct levels of nutrient in these ponds.Taken together,our study shed light on the possible aquatic microorganisms causing crab diseases and might be helpful for crab diseases control in the future.