大学新生的心理健康-沉浸与大学适应的作用

Mental Health of Freshmen:The Effects of Rumination and College Adjustment

目的借鉴应激-易感模型,探讨大学新生心理健康的影响因素,尤其是沉浸与大学适应的作用。方法整群取样大一新生2083人,采用自尊(SES)、社会支持(PSSS)、大学适应(CCSA S)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、贝克抑郁(BD I)和沉浸量表进行团体问卷调查,使用结构方程模型分析变量间关系。结果①研究变量间均存在及其显著的相关(r=0.602,P≤0.01);②沉浸做自变量,大学适应做中介变量的模型D与数据的拟合结果最好(χ2=428.380,NF I=0.989,RF I=0.922,CF I=0.989,RM SEA=0.261)。结论①自尊、社会支持和沉浸能够显著预测大学新生适应和心理健康水平,沉浸的预测效力大于自尊和社会支持;②大学适应是自尊、社会支持、沉浸与心理健康之间的中介因素,大学适应部分中介自尊和沉浸对心理健康的作用,大学适应完全中介社会支持对心理健康的作用。

Objective On the base of the stress-vulnerability model,to explore the influencing factors of mental health status of university freshmen,especially the effects of rumination and college adjustment.Methods A total of 2803 freshmen were clustered and investigated by SES,PASS,CCSAS,SCL-90,BDI and rumination scale.The connections were analyzed by structural equation model.Results ①There were significant correlations among variables（r=0.602,P≤0.01）.②Model D fit the data best in which the rumination was an independent variable and college adjustment played a editorial role（χ2=428.380,NFI=0.989,RFI=0.922,CFI=0.989,RMSEA=0.261）.Conclusion ①Rumination can affect the mental health status of university freshmen more than self-esteem and social support.②The college adjustment status plays a editorial role partly among self-esteem,rumination and mental health while completely between social support and mental health.