高职学生顶岗实习期心理健康状况与人格特征、社会支持的相关研究

Relationship of Personality Traits,Social Support and Mental Health of Higher Vocational College Internship Students

目的探讨高职学生顶岗实习期的心理健康状况与人格特征、社会支持的关系,并提出相应劳动风险防范策略。方法采用症状自评量表、社会支持量表、中国大五人格问卷简式版对湖南省4所高职院校448名处于顶岗实习期的学生进行调查。结果①高职顶岗实习学生躯体化、人际敏感、焦虑因子得分显著高于全国青年常模、大学生常模(t1=9.622,6.188,7.175;t2=7.299,2.344,2.993;P1<0.001,P2<0.05),敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分显著低于常模(t1=-11.812,-11.905,-11.484;t2=-19.302,-21.239,-18.701;P1<0.001,P2<0.001);②SCL-90各因子得分与社会支持评定量表各因子得分相关显著(P<0.05);③SCL-90绝大部分因子与人格因子相关显著(P<0.05);④外向性、神经质、支持总分、宜人性能显著预测高职顶岗实习生的心理健康水平(t=-39.708,33.902,-16.645,-16.399;P<0.001)。结论高职顶岗实习学生的心理健康水平与人格特征、社会支持显著相关。

Objective To explore the relationship between mental health and personality traits,social support of senior high vocational school students in internship period and puts forward the corresponding labor risk prevention strategy.Methods A symptom assessment scale,social support scale,Chinese Big Five Personality Questionnaire short form version on 4 Higher Vocational Colleges in Hunan province 448 in the internship period was conducted by students.Results ①Higher vocational internship students somatization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety factor score was significantly higher than the national youth often die,college students often die（t1=9.622,6.188,7.175;t2=7.299,2.344,2.993;P1〈0.001,P2〈0.05）,hostile,paranoid ideation,psychosis factor score was significantly lower than that of ordinary die（t1=-11.812,-11.905,-11.484;t2=-19.302,-21.239,-18.701;P1〈0.001,P2〈0.001）.②The SCL90 scores were related to social support rating scale scores（P〈0.05）.③SCL-90 most factors were related to personality（P〈0.05）.④Extraversion,neuroticism,agreeableness,support performance significantly predicted level of mental health of higher vocational teaching intern（t=-39.708,33.902,-16.645,-16.399;P〈0.001）.Conclusion The mental health of higher vocational college internship students is related to personality characteristics and social support.