美国社区学院管理体制研究

Study on the Administration System of Community College in the USA

美国社区学院外部管理体制可分为州政府管理和大学管理两种模式,二者在经费筹集、人事任免、发展规划以及学院与外部的关系等方面存在明显差异。在内部管理体制上,美国社区学院大多采用董事会领导下的院长负责制,在这一体制基础上,各社区学院根据自身的实际情况采用职能分工式或事业部式管理体制。在社区学院的运行过程中,各级政府、学院董事会及当地社区扮演着不同的角色,从而形成了各具特色的管理模式。

The outside administration system of community college can be divided into two types, one is controlled by the state government and the other by universities. They are different from each other in financing, personality, planning and relationship with society. In the aspect of inside management, most community colleges are controlled by the board. Community colleges adopt different management modes according to their own situation. Various governments, the board of community college and local communities are all playing different roles, which formed various characteristic management models.