络合重金属废水处理的研究进展

Research progress in the treatment of complex heavy metal wastewater

络合重金属废水中含有的污染物不可生物降解,具有很强的毒性,可通过食物链在生物体内的累积而致癌。与游离态的重金属离子相比,络合态的重金属离子的去除难度更大,普通的加碱中和沉淀法难以获得满意的处理效果。综述了近年来处理络合重金属废水的主要方法,包括硫化物沉淀法、螯合沉淀法、Fenton氧化法、光催化氧化法、铁屑还原法、吸附法、离子交换法等,并且评价了它们的优势和局限性。

The pollutants contained in complex heavy metal wastewater are non-biodegradable,having very strong toxicity. They may cause cancer through the accumulation of food chains in organisms. Compared to free heavy metal ions, complex heavy metal ions are more difficult to be removed. Satisfactory treatment effect cannot be obtained by ordinary neutralization via adding alkali and precipitation methods. The main treatment methods for treating complex heavy metal wastewater in recent years, including sulfide precipitation, chelating precipitation, Fenton oxidation, photocatalysis oxidation, scrap iron reduction, adsorption, ion exchange, etc., are summarized, and their advantages and limitations in application are evaluated, as well.