不同土培条件下荧蒽在水稻和小麦中的分布特征

Distribution of Fluoranthene in Rice and Wheat Under Different Soils Culture Conditions

通过盆栽试验方法,在荧蒽污染的黄棕壤和潮土上种植水稻和小麦,分别设置空白(CK)、低(L)、中(M)、高(H)4个污染浓度水平,比较荧蒽对作物生长的影响和两种不同土壤中植物体荧蒽的分布情况。结果显示,在试验设置的荧蒽污染浓度下,荧蒽未对两种植物的生长造成抑制,相反还促进了植物某些部位的生长;水稻和小麦各部位的荧蒽含量随土壤荧蒽含量的增加而增大;植物体内荧蒽的传导系数随土壤荧蒽含量的增加而减小,且两种土壤的趋势一致。黄棕壤和潮土有机质、养分、阳离子交换量等性质影响植物体内荧蒽的运移和富集;水稻茎叶对荧蒽的富集能力强于小麦,而小麦籽粒富集荧蒽的能力强于水稻。

In this paper, a pot experiment was conducted to compare the plant growth and fluoranthene distribution in rice and wheat grown in a yellow-brown soil and alluvial soil polluted by four levels of fluoranthene, namely control （CK）, low （L）, moderate （M）, high （H）. Results showed that, under the test concentration, fluoranthene did not inhibit the growth of two plants; on the contrary, the growth of some parts of plants were promoted. The fluoranthene contents and transport coefficients in plants increased and decreased respectively with the fluoran- thene in both types of soils. Soil SOM, nutrition and CEC of the two soils influenced the migration and accumulation of fluoranthene in plants, The abilities of rice leaves and stems accumulating fluoranthene were stranger than those of wheat, while it was stranger in wheat grain than in rice. The results may be useful to predict the risks associated with the safety of rice and wheat.