土霉素在土壤中的垂直迁移及其影响因素研究

Simulation of Vertical Transport and Factors Affecting Transferability of Oxytetracycline in Soil

采用土柱淋溶法,研究了土霉素在土壤中的垂直迁移特性,探讨了不同土壤类型、淋溶体积、淋溶液pH值、施药量等因素对土霉素在土壤中淋溶迁移的影响。结果表明,在红壤、黑钙土、赤红壤3种不同类型的土样中,土霉素的迁移深度为:赤红壤>红壤>黑钙土;土霉素主要富集在土壤表层,其含量随土壤深度增加而明显降低;同一深度的土壤中土霉素含量随着淋溶液体积的增加而增大,随pH值增大而减小;土霉素在土层中的含量分布、淋溶深度与其施药量均呈正相关;当淋溶液中含有一定量的土霉素溶液时,土霉素在土壤中的迁移深度明显增加。

To simulate the transport of oxytetracycline, column experiments were used to survey the impact factors in the processes of oxyte- tracycline transport, such as the soil types, the water volume, the pH of leaching water and pesticide application rates. The results indicated that the depth of migration of oxytetracycline in the soil could be ranked the order of most to least effective as follows ： latosolic red soil〉 red soil 〉 black soil. Oxytetraeycline accumulated mainly at the topsoil after leaching. The content of oxytetracycline decreased sharply with the increase of depth in the soil columns. The oxytetracycline content in the same depth increased with increasing volume of solution, and de- creased with increasing pH of solution. The oxytetraeyeline content distribution and leaching depth in the soil was positively correlated with the pesticide application rates.When the leaching solution contains a certain amount of oxytetracycline, the depth of oxytetraeyeline transport in the soil increased significantly.