铝合金筋类零件锻造缺陷分析

Analysis on forging defects of aluminum alloy forging with rib

针对铝合金筋类零件在锻造过程中产生的折叠、充不满、穿流等各种缺陷产生的原因进行分析。分析结果表明:过渡圆角的大小对折叠和穿筋有较大影响,增大圆角,可减小材料向筋部流动的阻力,改善材料的流动状态,避免折叠和穿筋;各工序间坯料截面面积的匹配也是导致缺陷的原因,合理的坯料截面面积应比该处终锻截面面积大5%～10%,面积太小容易导致充不满,太大又会出现穿流穿筋等缺陷;模具模膛的表面质量会影响材料的流动性能,导致锻件产生充不满和起皮等缺陷。

Forging defects, such as folding, underfilling and fiber breaking in aluminum alloy forging with rib were ana- lyzed. The result shows the influence of fiUet radius on folding and fiber breaking. Larger fillet could ease flow resist- ance to rib, improve flow line and avoid folding and rib breaking. The matching of cross section between blank in dif- ferent steps was significant cause of defects. Thus the reasonable cross section area of blank was 5 ~//0~10~//00 larger than that of final forging. However, inadequate area eased to underfilling. Contrarily, the excess area might result in de- fects, such as fiber breaking or rib breaking. Furthermore, the surface quality of impression had influence on material flowing. This might result in underfilling or delamination.