人·自然·灾害——洪水灾害和减灾社会化的历史启示

Human-Nature-Disaster Ancient Thoughts on Flood Disasters and Socialization of Their Reduction

在我国历代治水方法中居主导地位的是兴建防洪工程以抵御洪水。不过，每当河患频仍，工程治水一途陷入困境的时候，人们都会冷静下来思索人类社会发展与洪水灾害之间应取怎样的态度，在反思和调整自然观中间，开阔防洪减灾的思路。反思集中到一点，就是提倡在实行工程防洪的同时，积极开辟社会化综合减灾的新途径；不以战胜洪水为目的，而以尽可能少的投入，取得尽可能大的防洪效益为最终目标。

dristruction of flood control works used to be the major measure for flood management and flood-prevention in Chinee histo- ry. But the frequent occurrence of flood diaseters and the inadequacy of water works alone to fight against these diaseters made the peo- ple cool-headed and to think over how to coordinate social development with floods. Then they expanded their thoughts on flood disas- ter reduction after having reviewed and adusted their vimpints on nature. The review amphasized the following: in conunction with the engineering measures for flood control, social and comprehensive measures for flood managrment sbould be positively carried out. In other words,our target should not be set at defeating flood, but at getting the maximum benefit with the minimum input on flood con- trol