1See Francis Otto Matthiessen, American Renaissance: Art and Expression in the Age of Emerson and Whitman, New York: Oxford University Press, 1941, p. xii.
2See Scott Peeples, The Afterlife of Edgar Allan Poe, New York: Camden House, 2004, p. 15.
3Qtd. in Scott Peeples, The Afterlife of Edgar Allan Poe, p. 18.
4See Killis Campell, "Out of Space, Out of Time', in Studies in Philology, 7 (1923), pp. 19-27.
5See Darnall Source, "The Americanism of Edgar Allan Poe", in The English Journal, 3 ( 1927), pp. 51 -62.
6George Woodberry, America in Literature, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1903, p. 22.
7朱利安·西蒙斯《文坛怪杰:爱伦.坡传》,文刚·吴樾译,陕西人民出版社,1986,第191页.
8Qtd. in Edward Widmer, Young America: Flowering of Democracy in New York City, New York: Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 110.
9See Joan Dayan, Fables of Mind: An Inquiry into Poe's Fiction, New York: Oxford University Press, 1987, p. 136.
