韦伯官僚制思想论析

Analysis of Weber's Thoughts on Bureaucratic System

韦伯把官僚制看作是最具有政治理性化特征的法制型支配的纯粹执行方式,正确地认识到官僚制的现代性,即与现代理性经济、理性政治的相互适应性,这使它成为现代国家中不可或缺的管理系统。同时韦伯又深刻认识到它对人类自由的限制。对这一问题的阐释使韦伯的官僚制思想也具有了生存论意义。韦伯呼唤真正的政治家,倡导责任伦理与心志伦理统一的价值观念,主张建立民主制来克服官僚制的弊病,既有其合理的成分,又有现实的困难。

Weber considers the bureaucratic system as a pure mode of enforcement in the legal - type domination or administration with the most politicized rational feature. He understands correctly that its modernity, namely its Mutual adaptability with modern administrative economy and rational politics has turned itself into an indispensable administrative structure of a modern state. He has too deeply realized that its restrictions over the freedom of man. And the interpretation of the issue has made his thoughts on the bureaucratic system be tinted with existential significance. Weber summons and evokes true statesmen, advocates a unity between ethics and Gesinnungsethik, and protests that a democratic system be established so as to overcome the malpractice of the bureaucratic system. And this is at the same time with its rational and irrational components.