C波段转发测轨系统测站偏差的标校

Calibrating the Station Biases for the C-Band Transfer Measuring System

C波段转发测轨体制在GEO卫星测定轨中有突出优势,但其测量系统偏差的标校精度对定轨结果影响显著。基于L波段载波相位多星定轨结果,提出一种基于标准轨道拟合残差的系统偏差标校方法。该方法能够同时标校测量偏差及时标偏差,有利于弥补激光测距标校方法观测量较少的缺陷。利用国内监测站对中国导航卫星实测数据分析结果表明,经过标校后的C波段转发测轨精度可优于5 m,测量偏差及时标偏差具有较好的稳定性。

The C-band transfer measuring system plays an important role in the precise orbit determination （POD） for geostationary satellite. However, the performance of the system was remarkably influenced by the accuracies of the station biases. Based on the orbits from the multi-satellite POD using the carrier observation of L-band, a new method to calibrate the biases from orbit fitting of C-band measurement is presented. This method can not only estimate the ranging biases and time biases simultaneously, but also overcome the shortcoming of too few observa- tions when using the SLR calibrating method. The POD experiment of Compass navigation satellite shows that the satellite^s position error is about 5 m after the station biases is calibrated, and the estimated ranging biases and time biases have higher stability and reliability.