论翻译转换理论之层次转换与翻译补偿策略

On Level Shift of the Translation Shift Theory and Compensation Techniques

层次转换为卡特福德对翻译转换划分的其中一种类型,指语法与词汇间的转换;翻译补偿为近十几年来国内外译界较为关注的研究领域,其中语法补偿即翻译中语法层面的转换,在语法范畴的补偿策略上与层次转换具有异曲同工之处。由于英汉形态差异及其不同的语法结构,译者需结合层次转换与语法补偿策略,使译文地道通顺。通过对转换理论与翻译补偿理论的归纳总结,并分别对二者的分支即层次转换与语法补偿进行对比研究,在具体语法范畴上阐释了层次转换与语法补偿的关联性以及在英汉翻译中的具体应用。

Level shift,one of the translation shifts classified by Cafford, means the shift between grammar and words. The study of translation compensation has been paid closer attention in recent decades in the translation circles inside and outside China; its branch--grammar compensation, i.e. the shift in grammar level, strategically shares the same ideology with the level shift. For the differences in grammar structure between English and Chinese, translators need to combine the level shift and grammar compensation strategies to make the translation natural and expressive. This paper attempts to analyze the relevance of level shift and grammar compensation as well as their specific application in English-Chinese translation in grammar domains through induction and summarization of shift theory and translation compensation as well as the contrastive studies of their respective branches, i.e. level shift and grammar compensation.