ICU患者合并医院感染的危险因素及预防对策

Risk factors for nosocomial infections in ICU patients and countermeasures

目的探讨ICU患者合并医院感染的危险因素及预防对策。方法回顾性分析490例ICU患者的临床资料,进行感染组与非感染组可能引起医院感染相关因素比较。结果 490例ICU患者发生医院感染50例,感染率为10.20%,其中医院内获得性肺炎30例、消化道感染10例、泌尿道感染6例、其他4例;感染组与非感染组比较,感染组年龄大、创伤性诊疗操作多、预防应用抗菌药物比例高、抑酸剂、激素应用时间及住院时间长,是医院感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 ICU患者医院感染率较高,应尽可能减少和避免危险因素的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore risk factors for nosocomial infections in ICU patients and prevention countermeasures. METHODS The clinical data of 490 ICU patients were retrospectively analyzed, the related factors that may cause nosocomial infections in infection group and non-infection group were compared. RESULTS Of 490 cases of ICU patients investigated, nosocomial infection occurred in 50 cases with the infection rate of 10.21%, including 30 cases of hospital-acquired pneumonia, 10 cases of gastrointestinal infections, 6 cases of urinary tract infections, and 4 cases of others; as compared with the infection group and non-infection group, the advanced age , traumatic medical operation, high proportion of prophylactic use of antibiotics, antacid agents, application of hormone, and hospitalization duration were risk factors for nosocomial infections （P〈 0. 05）. CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections in ICU inpatients is relatively high, the corresponding countermeasures should be taken to avoid and reduce the risk factors.