口腔科医务人员职业暴露的监测分析及防护对策

Surveillance for occupational exposure of medical staff in department of stomatology and protective countermeasures

目的探讨口腔科医务人员发生职业暴露的原因及防护措施。方法通过咨询、查询医院感染上报登记资料的方式,分析2010年1-12月口腔科医务人员发生职业暴露的原因、方式、暴露后处理措施及防护措施。结果口腔科医务人员共计36人,发生职业暴露26人,发生率为72.22%;其中护士5人占19.23%,医师4人占15.38%,实习学生10人占38.46,技工6人占23.08%,保洁员1人占3.85%;工作年限<2年的医务人员发生职业暴露的人数最多,占69.23%;26人中有23人(88.46%)为针刺伤和锐器伤,3人(11.54%)为黏膜接触;所有人暴露后均能够正确处理伤口,医院感染管理科均进行跟踪随访,无1例感染发生。结论应制定并健全医务人员的职业安全管理制度,按照标准预防的原则,采取有效的防护措施,加强对医务人员职业暴露防护知识的培训,增强安全防护的意识,保障医务人员的自身安全。

OBJECTIVE To discuss the causes and protective strategies for the occupational exposure of the medical staff in department of stomatology. METHODS By the means of consulting and checking the data of nosocomial infections, the causes, patterns, post-exposure treatment and protective strategies for the occupational exposure from Jan 2010 to Dec 2010 were analyzed. RESULTS Of totally 36 medical staff of department of stomatology investigated, occupational exposures occurred in 26 cases with the incidence of 72.22%, among which there were five nurses （19. 23%）, four doctors （15. 38%）, ten students （38. 46）, six technicians （23. 08%）, and one cleaner （3.85%） ; the medical staff with occupational exposure whose work experience was less than 2 years accounted for 69.23%, 23 （88.46%） of 26 cases were with occupational exposure to needle injuries and sharp instrument injuries, 3（11.54%） cases were with mucous membrane contact; all the cases were able to correctly handle the wound after the exposure, the nosocomial infectious department followed up and found that there was no case with infection. CONCLUSION The occupational safety management system should be established and strengthened. According to the standard principles of prevention, we should take effective protective measures, strengthen the training of the knowledge of the protection of exposure to medical staff and enhance the awareness of security so as to ensure the safety of the medical staff.